Android XR: The Open Architecture

Google may not be the first tech company to develop an extended reality ecosystem, but its approach emphasizes flexibility and open standards. Unlike companies that restrict developers, Google is fostering an AI-native environment that supports various workflows and devices. The architecture is modular and versatile, building upon Android while allowing designers and developers to use familiar tools and scale as needed.

What Makes Android XR Different?

Android XR is a core component of the Android landscape. While others compete with closed operating systems, Android XR is designed for XR democratization and accessibility. Unlike systems locked to specific hardware or tools, Android XR is open and integrates with the existing Android framework, including phones, tablets, app development tools, and third-party systems. Its modular design allows developers to select features such as spatial UI, 3D models, Gemini AI, and Jetpack libraries.

Customization and Development

The Android XR ecosystem enables customization at every level, allowing users to add or remove capabilities like eye tracking, hand mesh, and passthrough video. Developers can integrate their own Gemini models and connect Android or Google Play apps. The system supports various devices, from smart glasses to XR headsets, and adapts to real-world environments with dynamic scene understanding, light estimation, and 3D spatial anchoring.

Developers can use tools like the Android XR SDK, Kotlin, Android Studio, and Jetpack libraries. WebXR is available for web development, and OpenXR is supported for interoperability, enabling applications to be deployed across platforms without reprogramming. Google has partnered with Unity and supports various visual design tools and file formats. Apps can be distributed through the Play Store, with updates and telemetry included.

AI and Hardware Flexibility

Gemini models can integrate with apps built using Android XR, facilitating spatial computing interactions, voice, gaze, gesture control, real-time translation, and AI assistants. Google has demonstrated how XR and AI can support use cases from assisting field workers to improving customer service. Android XR supports smart glasses, VR headsets, AR phones, tablets, and future wearables and partners with Qualcomm and Magic Leap. It also supports Bluetooth accessories, external displays, and spatial controllers.

Benefits for Businesses

Android XR allows businesses and developers to start building where they are and innovate at their own pace, without being restricted to a single pipeline or device. Pre-built features from Google, like the AI-powered hand mesh solution, are available. Apps can be published on the Google Play Store, with automatic updates and analytics. Android XR is enterprise-ready, enabling companies to design their own solutions with integrations for MDM, access controls, and security features. This open-source solution aims to change the future of immersive tech, allowing tailored XR experiences.